Recently, the fourth edition of the Red Book of Turkmenistan was published, which describes important changes in the flora and fauna of the country. Famous scientists, botanists and zoologists participated in writing the valuable scientific work. Director of the National Institute of Deserts, Flora and Fauna of Turkmenistan, Candidate of Biological Sciences, Pirli Kepbanov is one of them. He talked about the activities carried out, strategies for protection and conservation of flora. - The publication of the Red Book of Turkmenistan is a large-scale and multi-year project. Our experts used modern research methods, such as long-term monitoring and data analysis, to get a more accurate picture of the state of the country's flora, Pirli Kepbanov said. — The new edition of the Red Book includes more than 20 species of plants that were previously considered to be in danger of extinction. At the same time, 18 species of plants whose reproduction was restored due to the successful implementation of protection measures were removed from the list. The fourth edition of the Red Book also contains specific recommendations for the conservation of rare plant species, such as the creation of new protected areas, regular monitoring of species status, and outreach activities among people. The scientist noted climate change, soil degradation, expansion of agricultural land and improper use of water resources among the main threats to the flora. Arid zones are more vulnerable to these conditions, and their vegetation is more sensitive to climate change and anthropogenic impact. - The main elements of the nature protection system are specially protected natural areas. They ensure the protection of unique ecosystems and genetic resources, - emphasized Pirli Kepbanov. According to the scientist, further strengthening of the material and technical infrastructure, implementation of nature protection measures, as well as increasing the environmental literacy of the population and the involvement of local organizations in nature protection work will help to protect ecosystems more effectively, improve the condition of natural resources, and promote the sustainable development of specially protected natural areas. will do.